At present, node acquisition technology has been widely used in petroleum seismic exploration. The manually based node status inspection method is time-consuming, low efficiency and big security risks. In order to quickly understand the working status of nodes and ensure the normal work of nodes, it is necessary to introduce new technical means to assist in obtaining node information. This paper studies the application of I-nodal NODE inspection based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV )technology, and uses UAV to carry NODE recovery device to obtain NODE working status data information. The application results show that the working information of nodes can be obtained quickly and accurately based on UAV technology, which is conducive to the comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the working situation of nodes. According to the data of UAV inspection and manual inspection data, this paper compares and analyzes drones fly round node is not affected by the surface traffic, average daily inspection over nearly 10 times than the manual inspection efficiency, reduce the production cost, solve the nodes in the complex area fast patrol, is worthy of popularization and application.

The application of node instrument in field seismic data acquisition has become more and more popular in recent years, and the use mode is becoming more and more complex, which also puts forward higher requirements for the quality control of seismic data. In the process of node instrument hybrid acquisition in Jiangsu TJB three-dimensional complex water network area, facing the unique demand of data quality monitoring, the data monitoring method is analyzed and studied by using the quality monitoring means of field processing. Check the correctness of data caused by errors in shot point position, GPS time, SPS file, etc. in the process of data segmentation and combination of node instrument by data top muting check method; Through data recovery rate statistics and repeated trace inspection, the common problems of data loss or duplication in the process of mixed mining with multiple node instruments can be found and solved. The data quality monitoring of on-site processing effectively ensures the correctness and integrity of seismic data collected with multiple node instruments.

The navigation and positioning technology of geophysical prospecting plays an important role in determining the coordinates and elevation datum,collecting and managing the basic data of geographic information in the work area, surveying the work area,surveying and placing the samples of wave detection points and shot points,controlling the synchronization of seismic exploration acquisition and construction management of the work team. This paper reviews the development history of navigation and positioning technology for geophysical prospecting,summarizes the current research and application status of this technology at home and abroad from the aspects of construction sampling and positioning technology,seismic navigation,integrated marine navigation and underwater positioning,outlooks its future development trend and application prospect in the field of land and marine exploration,and points out the key issues of high precision, intelligence,automation and high efficiency that still need to be further solved in the field of oil exploration. The key problems of high precision,intelligence,automation and high efficiency in the field of oil exploration are pointed out. Finally,the future development trend is shared in two directions: onshore exploration and marine exploration.

Since the advent of seismic exploration technology,the response results of seismic geophones have been a technical issue which has been continuous concerned by technical personnel in the seismic industry.Objective, comprehensive,and accurate evaluation on the response results of geophones is the foundation for selecting equipment in seismic exploration projects and the key to improving the quality of seismic data.This article mainly compares and analyzes the response results of some common analog geophones in the industry under homologous excitation conditions in terms of amplitude,phase,and spectrum,hoping to be helpful to peers.

Dynamite source driven technology is the use of GPS in precise positioning of the uphole,the coordinate data is transmitted to the seismic exploration instrument,automatic selection of shot,matching array,complete the shooting process in coordination with the operating system of the instrument,this technique can alleviate work intensity of construction personnel,improve the construction quality and the production efficiency.Through the study of remote control system for ShotProⅡ,combined with the characteristics of seismic field work,put forward a different seismic exploration instruments offset source driven solutions and specific resource configuration,operation procedure,has the guiding function for the development and application of dynamite source driven.

This paper analyzes the structure characteristics,related components and operation mode of“Starlink” satellite system,it has the characteristics of wide network band,low data transmission delay,simultaneous signal sending and receiving,global network coverage and so on,these characteristics are exactly what we need for field ultra-high acquisition operations in geophysical exploration industry.And analyzes the feasibility of its application in the field acquisition operation of geophysical exploration industry,and puts forward some simple application ideas.

　This paper provides a working method of field seismic data acquisition,recording and transmission components for geophysical exploration and development seismic instruments.It is used to solve the problem that the current seismic acquisition equipment is basically equipped with special cables for special equipment,which can only be partially mixed in the same company＇s products,with cumbersome settings and large application restrictions.Different companies or different types of equipment(wired and wireless)cannot be mixed,and the equipment compatibility and utilization rate are low.Compared with the current acquisition equipment,the esign can not only receive data from various types of geophones common in the existing seismic exploration production, such as electromagnetic induction analog geophones,piezoelectric ceramic analog geophones,but also connect different communication modules according to the production requirements of seismic acquisition to realize the conversion of wired,wireless and node working modes.

At present,all fields of the world have gradually entered the age of intelligence,information and intelligence has become an indispensable part of life and work.The intelligent application has been gradually developed in the field of geophysical prospecting,but the intelligent development is still slow in the field of geophysical prospecting equipment.This paper first briefly analyzes history and current situation of development about artificial intelligence technology,summarizes its research results in petroleum geophysical exploration industry,puts forward the field combined with artificial intelligence and big data in geophysical exploration equipment,prospects the feasibility of intelligent development in geophysical exploration equipment,and gives specific suggestions for development.

In the 3D exploration project with high density and large number of channels, wireless node instruments record continuous data, which has the characteristics of more channels and more shots, long observation time and large amount of data. Access to servers and disk arrays by data processing generates a large number of data requests, sends, reads, and saves. In this paper, four factors that the high concurrency performance of the server, the thread pool of multi-thread management, the connection mode between the disk array and the server and the seismic data reading and writing algorithm are discussed which limit the data processing speed. The corresponding configuration strategy and implementation method are proposed to realize the high-speed processing of seismic data, which is universally applicable to the rapid processing of geophysical data in the field.

Geophone tester is a kind of special measuring instrument used for the detection of DC resistance, natural frequency, damping coefficient, sensitivity, distortion, polarity and other key indicators. Its performance directly affects the accuracy of seismic data acquisition. This paper introduces the design principle, hardware composition and system menu of SNT-200, and comparing the technical indexes, physical parameters and test performance of domestic and abroad, SNT-200 is an effective instrument for detector manufacturing and field detector parameters.

With the continuous improvement of efficiency requirements for seismic exploration and acquisition operation, the demand for on-site information technology has also increased.How to choose the most suitable wireless communication module for performance in application technology development has gradually become a challenge for industry technicians.Factors such as power consumption,volume,cost,and bandwidth should be balanced based on on-site application needs.This article briefly compares some wireless communication technologies introduced with traditional wireless network technologies with the development of the internet of things,in order to provide reference for professional application technicians in the development process.

In the process of explosive source firing,the traditional shooting mode has some problems,such as wrong shooting station number and" multiple shots" sounding at the same time.The source driven excitation mode based on"source well wellhead locator" solves the problem of inaccurate shot point station number,eliminates the major safety hidden danger of" multiple shots" sounding at the same time,and can relatively reduce the labor intensity of instrument operators.The smart phone positioning and sending app software was developed based on the Android platform,which can run on the current mainstream Android 7+system,adopts the MVVM development mode,and uses the latest programming architecture:ViewModel,hilt,live data and other simplified development.The app has such functions as parameter setting,shot point KML file loading,Bluetooth search link,shot point wellhead coordinate positioning and data sending.The app runs stably,solves the problem of manual point finding in the field,and provides a good guarantee for efficient production.

Air-gun source is the most important source in marine seismic exploration at present.With the deepening of target layer in marine exploration and the maturity of full-waveform inversion technology,the development of low-frequency air-gun source is promoted.In recent years,the industry has made a variety of explorations in the area of low-frequency marine air-gun source.Some companies have made some progress in the area of low-frequency marine air-gun source,and some of them have reached the level of commercial application.Based on the research and development status and market demand,this paper introduces several low-frequency air-gun source developed in the current industry,and focuses on analyzing the test results and commercial exploration of harmony,which is a low-frequency air-gun source based on frequency locking principle.

The air-gun source and submarine cable equipment were introduced for the first time in the ZQX 3D seismic exploration project in Tarim Basin. With the G3i MS mode and 428XL dual-sensor and node seismic instruments receiving seismic signal, the air-gun and borehole shooting were used. The distribution of various types of receiving equipment is irregular along with the lake boundary. Because of the diversification of acquisition equipment and seismic data types, the seismic data synthesis is very complicated. Based on the analysis of the amplitude differences between seismic data recorded by different instruments, this paper establishes the industrialization process of the segmentation of the G3i MS seismic data, the separation of the 428XL dual-sensor seismic data and the synthesis of the seismic data received by the G3i, the 428XL dual-sensor and the node instruments. The results show that the method in this paper has obtained very good effect, by refer to other seismic exploration project.

With the continuous deepening of the seismic exploration concept of“2W1H”(wide-band,wide azimuth and high-density)in the complex mountainous exploration area in South China,the traditional cable acquisition system has been difficult to support the high-efficiency and high-quality implementation of high-precision 3Dseismic acquisition with a large array consisting of tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of channels in terms of technical performance and organization management.The node instrument has the characteristics of flexible layout,self collection and self storage of data,and is not bound by cables,instrument vehicles and acquisition stations with the intrinsic technical advantages in realizing the concept of“2W1H”(wide-band,wide azimuth and high-density)seismic exploration.In order to speed up the application of seismic acquisition technology of node in complex mountains in South China to promote the practical implementation and high-quality development of the seismic exploration concept of“2W1H”(wide-band,wide azimuth and high-density)in complex mountains in South China,this paper introduces the systemic testing of seismic acquisition adaptability of the node instrument named I-Nodal self-developed by SINOPEC under the conditions of a variety of complex terrain in mountains in South China.The testing results show that the I-Nodal nodes basically has the ability to carry out field seismic acquisition in complex mountains in South China,and can achieve the level of data quality no less than that of traditional cable instrument.

This paper mainly describes the development process of LFV3 low-frequency vibrator.First,the preliminary test model KZ-28LF low-frequency vibrator and its test results are briefly introduced.Based on this type of vibrator,the research and development of LFV3 low frequency vibrator has been carried out,the shortcomings of the test model have been improved,the hydraulic confluence system controlled by the industrial computer (Plus One)has been realized,the vibration isolation structure of the vibrator and the flat plate has been reasonably optimized,the vibration of the vibrator has been reduced,and the requirements for the maximum flow of the system under the 3Hz low-frequency limit frequency have been met.The LFV3 low-frequency vibrator is superior to other similar commercial products abroad in terms of technical parameters and performance.Finally,the test and industrial application of LFV3 low-frequency vibrator are briefly introduced.

In recent years,TFEM has been continuously developed in the application of oil and gas exploration in complex areas.In terms of instrument performance,a high-power constant-current transmitter system with a maximum power of 400kW is developed,which can effectively suppress noise and transmit the electromagnetic response of deep targets.In the acquisition method,the method of regular two-position transmitter wide line synchronous acquisition is studied,which improves the acquisition precision and efficiency.In the processing method,the constrained inversion processing technology of multivariate modeling is studied,which improves the vertical and horizontal precision of the target layer.An intelligent oil and gas evaluation method based on multiparameter deep learning is introduced,which mines multi-parameter information and improves the evaluation accuracy of oil reservoirs. Aiming at the problem of multi-stage volcanic rocks in a deep basin in eastern China and the complex oil and gas reservoirs in Ordos,the latest TFEM is used to describe the multi-stage volcanic reservoirs in the study area and the complex oil and gas distribution law in Ordos in detail.The results of post-drilling verify the efficiency of TFEM data.

Nowadays,as the seismic exploration expands,there are usually multiple crews dynamiting in the same area.Owing to the close range and large amount of excitation,the adjacent operation in the same area causes mutual interference of excitation energy,which makes duplicate shots(waste materials)generate.In order to avoid duplicate shots and ensure the 24-hour free operation by each own,in this paper,the Multiple Source Control System which can avoid the mutual interference is introduced.It described the system design and the application in the seismic exploration.

With the rapid development of node technology,the application of node instruments in seismic exploration is becoming more and more extensive. It can be said that the acquisition has entered the node era. Efficient acquisition is a necessary means to increase efficiency in seismic exploration. Facing the construction requirements of road number and high coverage times,improving the download speed of node instruments is the inevitable technical problem of cutting and synthesis speed in the future. The construction of a working area adopts more than 30,000 Quantum node instruments, which is required to ensure that the data processing is completed on the same day. This paper starts from the hardware and software of Quantum node instruments,on how to improve the data download speed,reduce the data download time, and reserve enough time for data cutting and synthesis,so as to smoothly ensure the progress of the project.

eSeis node instrument is a node seismic data acquisition system with independent intellectual property rights of BGP.After 5 years of research and development and 2 years of field test promotion and application,210,000 large-scale production and manufacturing have been completed,and eSeis node instruments have achieved good results in many exploration areas since their application.In the process of promotion and application,there are still some problems in the stability and applicability of eSeis node instruments,such as frequent red light strobe failures in cold environments.This topic analyzes in detail the causes and solutions of the red light strobe fault on a node.This article gives a comprehensive introduction to the working principle of the eSeis node instrument,and analyzes and elaborates in detail the fault of red light strobe.

Stakeless geophysical operation does not require any markings on the ground, which has the advantages of saving labolcosts, reducing safety risks, and reducina environmental damade, t is a new model for future petroleum geophysical navigation andpositioning. On the basis of traditional stakeless, combined with the development of node technology and LiDAR technology, two exploratory solutions have been proposed. One is to record the GNss raw data in the node instrument and obtain high-precision nodecoordinates through post-proces-sing| The second is to filter and smooth the single point positioning results recorded by nodes to obtain sub meter level plane positions, and then use liDAR data to replace elevation data to obtain high-precision coordinates of nodes.

Onshore seismic exploration technology is developing rapidly.With the large-scale application of "Broadband and Wide azimuth"seismic exploration technology and onshore node instruments,the eSeis series node instruments independently developed by BGP Company have been used more than 300,000channels.During field construction,data download failures may occur due to node unit failures.In order to ensure the integrity of seismic data,the usual solution is to manually copy the seismic data in the TF card inside the eSeis node unit. This method is inefficient and error-prone.This paper introduces a software written in Python programming language to automatically copy the seismic data in the TF card inside the eSeis node unit,elaborates the development ideas,process and results of the software,and finally gives the application effect of the software.

Drones were born in the 1920s and were first used in military applications. With the rapid development of UAV technology and its popularity, the industry application of UAVs became a typical practice of UAVs in civilian use. This paper elaborates on the application of UAVs in the oil exploration industry from the characteristics of UAVs, and analyzes the shortcomings and development prospects of UAVs.

Airborne LIDAR technology is a new surveying and mapping technology that has developed rapidly in　recent years.It has the characteristics of high mobility,large data coverage,high efficiency and reliable accuracy.As a new sensing technology,airborne LIDAR technology can quickly obtain high-precision and high spatial　resolution digital surface models.At the same time,it can cooperate with the surface high-definition image data　to enhance the cognitive and recognition ability of ground objects.It has broad application needs in many aspects,such as road survey in the geophysical work area,accurate design of physical points,accurate compensation for　workers and farmers,and construction risk assessment.At present,the laser radar technology has been applied　in the field production in the southwest exploration area and Xinjiang exploration area.

At present,the oil and gas exploration technology with seismic P-wave as the main stream has been quite mature.Carrying out P-wave and S-wave seismic exploration is the breakthrough to solve the current technical difficulties of oil and gas exploration.Realizing finding the oil and gas directly by the elastic wave exploration is a subversive technological innovation.Based on this urgent demand for seismic exploration technology,after four years of dedicated research and technical research,the BGP geophysical vibrator team finally developed a large tonnage broadband shear wave vibrator EV-56RS,which opened a new era of vector seismic exploration.This paper mainly introduces the development history,R&D achievements,characteristic technology,popularization and application,and economic and social effects of the conventional S-wave vibrator and the new S-wave vibrator of BGP,which hope that this overview can provide reference and cognition for the majority of vibroseis technology and R &D personnel.

The WiNG which is the third generation node instrument of Sercel Company has the advantages of low weight,long battery life,wireless real-time quality control,integration of data download and charging,easy operation of the data management software,the stake-number automatic assignment,RFID tag.The mode of WiNG wireless quality control has two patterns;the one is the point-point directly connection which is applied for getting detailed node unit operational status data,test and noise check;the other is the relay transmission which is used for obtaining the status result information of remote node unit.The WiNG system was introduced in China for the first time by the end of 2022 and implemented large-scale application,good effect was achieved in a 3D seismic exploration in Shandong province by SINOPEC.This paper introduces the functional characteristics of WiNG node instrument combined with practical application.

In the actual production process,EV-56 seismic vibrator frequently fails to drive, according to the maintenance experience of on-site machinist, mostly caused by the electronic control system, the electric control system is relatively complex, difficulty in troubleshooting on site. This paper briefly analyzes the failure of EV-56 seismic vibrator to drive, further explain the troubleshooting process, shorten the maintenance time of such faults in the field.

In recent years,with the rapid development of the node instruments,the seismic instruments have been gradually developed from wired instruments to node instruments.In this paper,we share our operating experience on the software installation and configuration of the current eSeis node quality control handbook,how the node units are upgraded,annually inspected and tested through the download cabinet,data download and synthesis,and the organization of the annual inspection station number.Thus,the instrument operator can master and operate the instrument more skillfully and improve the efficiency of field seismic exploration data acquisition.

When the VE464　decoder is used for seismic construction,the navigation raw data recorded by VE464　is lost,and surveying group needs to collect the missing data in the field.In view of these data loss recorded in　the VE464,in order to reduce re-surveying these missing points in the field.This paper verifies the defects of　hardware by statistics and analysis of vibroseis navigation original data,and finds out the reasons for the loss of　data.For these reasons,a feasible solution is developed to reduce the number of re-surveying points in the field.

The GM338 mobile radios is a vehicle-mounted communication station produced by Motorola, which is widely used in voice calls and source stimulates the transmission of information source excitation control at the seismic prospecting operation site. Based on the analysis of the working principle of the GM338 transmitting circuit part, this article uses a combination of analysis and experimental verification to explain the failure cause of its low transmission power, and gives the maintenance ideas. specific steps and judgment methods, lt provides technical reference for the maintenance of GM338 mobile radios.

The 508^XT instrument is the latest seismic acquisition instrument of the French company Sercel. It is favored by large-scale 3D seismic acquisition projects for its powerful channel capability and efficient acquisition capability. The 508^XT is different from the 428XL of the previous generation. All its production data are stored in the PostgreSQL database. Compared with the binary file storage method of the 428XL,the data storage and access of the database are simpler, more convenient and faster. By accessing the corresponding production data through the database interface,you can understand the parameter settings of the project and obtain the required source information.Based on the common problems in actual production,this article uses programming language to analyze related data,and check key production parameters and important vibration sources,thereby improving production quality and work efficiency.

In the vibroseis stakeless construction mode,the combined center coordinates recorded when the vibroseis is excited will be submitted as the final exploration results,and the navigation and positioning accuracy of the vibroseis is very important.Through the investigation and analysis of the quality control methods of various vibroseis excitation positioning accuracy in overseas projects,the principle introduced the constraints of GPS data stream on vibroseis excitation,the data stream picking process,and the conversion of different coordinates,and a set of suitable for land extraction method of excitation point coordinates and quality control measures of positioning accuracy for stakeless seismic acquisition projects.

Lithium battery has been widely used in recent years.It has the advantages of high energy,long life and little pollution,which can ensure the long-term stable work of field oil exploration equipment,but in the use of the charge has strict requirements,the need to develop special charging equipment.In this paper,BQ24610,a high current lithium battery charge management chip,is used to design the centralized charging box of marine seismic node acquisition station at the same time,a variety of detection interfaces are provided to facilitate the monitoring of the charging process.The charging cabinet is applied in the marine seismic node acquisition system, which is suitable for the marine complex construction environment and provides reliable guarantee for the smooth construction of marine nodes.

Although radio,mesh AD hoc network,4G network and other communication methods are used in seismic vibrators operation,most of the communication problems in construction are solved.However,there is still a communication blind spot in the construction,which hinders the construction progress.Especially in the mountain construction team,4G signal is not good,the terrain is winding and undulating,remote communication is almost impossible,it is difficult to realize the traditional construction method with central control.This paper introduces the application of multi-group and multi-vibroseis independent excitation in vibrator-navigation system.According to the GPS time reference of source navigation shutdown,the time slot cycle is divided according to the number of construction source groups,so that each group of source can operate in its own time slot to avoid mutual interference,and the source can independently complete the construction operation and record the operation results completely.The monitoring interface of various source data indexes is added to the vibratornavigation interface to ensure the quality of operation data.vibrator-navigation saves the data of the operation and can reproduce the operation process well.

Node equipment(also known as wireless acquisition equipment)can improve acquisition efficiency,save production costs,and reduce environmental hazards,which is the mainstream equipment for oil exploration in recent years.However,due to the continuous acquisition model and multi-component technology,the data size of the acquisition unit is huge.This article solves the problems encountered in the output process of Z100node data,and cleverly uses the VLAN technology to solve the problems.

Hypersource system is the latest generation of vibroseis management system.This system takes the digital cable of G3iHD instrument as a part of the communication system,while retaining the digital radio communication module.This system forms a hybrid communication network that takes the advantages of wired and wireless communication.Hypersource system has realized large-scale application for the first time in a dynamic slip sweep high-efficiency acquisition project in the Middle East.This article combines the application effect of Hypersource in this project,introducing the system from the aspects of management ability of vibroseis fleets,communication distance between recorder truck and vibroseis,communication effect and layout flexibility under complex terrain conditions.

in recent vears, with the gradual scaling of high-precision exploration technologies, both the number of node devices inuested in individual projects and the application ratio of projects which using node system have shown an increasing trend. Based on the introduction of the current status of node svstem, this paper analvzes the main infuencing factors and component of the data acouisition circuit, Finally, this paper elaborates on the design ideas for low-power consumption data acquisition circuit of node instruments from the aspects of key component selection, hardware circuit design, and firmware low-power optimization, and provides specific verification examples, aiming to provide reference for the future development and manufacturing of node instruments with smallersize, lighter weight, and better overall technical performance.

When the seismic vibrators operate on the hardening pavement surfaces such as asphalt roads or cement roads,in order to reduce the damage to the road or reduce the complaints of third parties,the seismic operation team generally put( parcel) rubber pad under the vibrator baseplate. However,after putting the rubber pad under the baseplate, the performance ( harmonic distortion) and the output energy of the vibrator will be affected. In this paper,we have used constant frequency signals and custom sweep signals for test and data comparison and got the law of changes before and after putting the rubber pad under the baseplate. When the seismic team is working on hardening pavement operations,it has guide opinions on whether it should set rubber pad or not for the seismic crew operate on the hardening avement road.

The synchronous control of excitation and acquisition system is a very important issue in seismic exploration using seismic instruments.Usually,satellite signals can be used for internal hardware clock synchronization within devices,but there is an accumulation of synchronization errors between different hardware modules.Using TB pulse signals to synchronize various systems can not only avoid the accumulation of synchronization errors,but also have the advantage of timely response.This article briefly elaborates on the internal synchronization control of the seismic excitation equipment vibrator control system,the synchronization control between the excitation control system and the wired instruments of the acquisition system,and the synchronization control application between the excitation system and the node instruments of the acquisition system.

At first, this paper reviews the development history of geophysical measurement and the application of new surveying and mapping technology. On this basis, it discusses the impact and promotion of new surveying and mapping technology on geophysical survey from the aspects of organization mode, operation method, operation benefit, practice idea, etc.